Volume 1, Issue 1 , January 2022
Abstract
This article briefly provides information about the Journal of Applied Research in Electrical Engineering (JAREE). It introduces the publisher, editorial board, aims and scope, indexing databases and social networks of the journal. In addition, the manner of manuscript submission to JAREE is described. ...
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This article briefly provides information about the Journal of Applied Research in Electrical Engineering (JAREE). It introduces the publisher, editorial board, aims and scope, indexing databases and social networks of the journal. In addition, the manner of manuscript submission to JAREE is described. Finally, the table of contents of this issue is presented.
Electronics
Mohsen Makvandi; Mohammad Javad Maleki; Mohammad Soroosh
Abstract
In this paper, a photonic crystal structure composed of the silicon rods is proposed for an all-optical 4*2 encoder. Four input ports are connected to two outputs port via the cross-connections. Different radii of rods as defects are placed in the cross-connection region for coupling the optical waves ...
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In this paper, a photonic crystal structure composed of the silicon rods is proposed for an all-optical 4*2 encoder. Four input ports are connected to two outputs port via the cross-connections. Different radii of rods as defects are placed in the cross-connection region for coupling the optical waves from the input waveguides to the desired outputs. The total size of the device is about 133 μm2. Plane-wave expansion and finite difference time domain methods are used to calculate the band diagram and simulation of the optical wave propagation inside the structure, respectively. The maximum rise time of the device for all possible states is just about 205 fs which is less than one in the previous works. No need to a bias port and using the same power at input ports are other advantages of this work. The normalized output power margins for logic 0 and 1 are calculated by 2% and 34%, respectively. The simulation results demonstrate the presented structure is capable of using in optical integrated circuits.
Electronics
Saleh Naghizade; Hamed Saghaei
Abstract
This paper reports a new optical half-adder design using linear defects in a photonic crystal (PhC) structure. The half adder's proper design obviates the need to increase the input signal's intensity for the nonlinear optical Kerr effect's appearance, which leads to the diversion of the incoming light ...
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This paper reports a new optical half-adder design using linear defects in a photonic crystal (PhC) structure. The half adder's proper design obviates the need to increase the input signal's intensity for the nonlinear optical Kerr effect's appearance, which leads to the diversion of the incoming light toward the desired output. The proposed device is composed of silicon rods consisting of four optical waveguides and a defect in a PhC. Two well-known plane wave expansion and finite difference time domain methods are used to study and analyze photonic band structure and light propagation inside the PhC, respectively. The numerical results demonstrate that the ON-OFF contrast ratios are 16 dB for “Sum” and about 14 dB for "Carry". They also reveal that the proposed half-adder has a maximum time delay of 0.8 ps with a total footprint of 158 µm2. Due to very low delay time, high contrast ratio, and small footprint, they are more crucial in modern optoelectronic technologies, so this structure can be used in the next generation of all-optical high-speed central processing units.
Power
Hamid Radmanesh
Abstract
This paper presents a new algorithm for sizing equations of an Axial Flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) machine based on an analytical method. To obtain a better performance, the dimensions of the stator and rotor cores are calculated. It is shown that the magnetic flux densities throughout these cores remain ...
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This paper presents a new algorithm for sizing equations of an Axial Flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) machine based on an analytical method. To obtain a better performance, the dimensions of the stator and rotor cores are calculated. It is shown that the magnetic flux densities throughout these cores remain closed to the flux density of the B-H curve knee point of the ferromagnetic material characteristics. A new algorithm is proposed to determine the dimensions of the different parts of the machine, and it is used to calculate the height of the permanent magnet precisely. To show the effectiveness of the suggested algorithm, a sample AFPM machine is designed based on sizing equations, and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is employed to validate these design formulas. A complete simulation study is accomplished, and some of the results are presented to confirm the accuracy of the sizing equations.
Power
Mahyar Abasi; Nima Heydarzadeh; Arash Rohani
Abstract
The phenomenon of broken conductor faults (BCFs) in power transmission lines and, consequently, the suspension of the hot-line with no connection to ground, tower, or other conductive/non-conductive bodies is amongst special faults in terms of fault detection and location in the protection industry. ...
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The phenomenon of broken conductor faults (BCFs) in power transmission lines and, consequently, the suspension of the hot-line with no connection to ground, tower, or other conductive/non-conductive bodies is amongst special faults in terms of fault detection and location in the protection industry. Once such a failure occurs, the current of the faulty phase does not increase, which leads to the inability of standard fault detection functions in detecting the event. On the other hand, the variable nature of transmission line parameters due to weather conditions leads to misoperation and malfunction of fault detection and protection schemes of industrial relays in some cases. This paper, for the first time, presents a BCF location scheme without requiring line parameters data and only using magnitudes of current and voltage phasors of a single terminal based on Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH). In this method, a function is interpolated, the inputs of which are the current and voltage of the faulty phase, and its output are the accurate location of the fault. The function can be developed for all topologies of transmission lines. The proposed method is implemented in the MATLAB software and the obtained results verify the solidity and perfect performance of the method for different fault conditions.
Power
Mahyar Tofighi-Milani; Sajjad Fattaheian-Dehkordi; Mahmud Fotuhi-Firuzabad
Abstract
Microgrids, which have newly been included in power systems, have facilitated the management of distributed generations. In this context, the privatization of power systems, as well as flexible sources like electrical vehicles and storage systems, has been enhanced significantly by the advent of microgrids. ...
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Microgrids, which have newly been included in power systems, have facilitated the management of distributed generations. In this context, the privatization of power systems, as well as flexible sources like electrical vehicles and storage systems, has been enhanced significantly by the advent of microgrids. In a microgrid structure, the microgrid’s operator coordinates the agents and ensures the reliability of the network, while the agents manage their local resources independently. Nonetheless, new management methods should be implemented into the multi-agent-structured microgrids to meet their distributed nature. This paper proposes a new peer-to-peer energy market to optimize the operation of a multi-agent microgrid run in the isolated mode. The designed framework facilitates power trading between the system agents and addresses the privacy issues of the network consumers or producers. The proposed scheme is finally simulated on a 15-bus multi-agent-structured microgrid to study its effect on microgrid management in the isolated mode.
Power
Behzad Jaafari; Alireza Namadmalan
Abstract
This paper presents a design procedure and a new control method for power regulation of series resonant Induction Heating (IH) systems using a self-oscillating tuning loop. The proposed power regulator can accurately estimate the instantaneous phase angle and the main parameters of the resonant load. ...
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This paper presents a design procedure and a new control method for power regulation of series resonant Induction Heating (IH) systems using a self-oscillating tuning loop. The proposed power regulator can accurately estimate the instantaneous phase angle and the main parameters of the resonant load. Moreover, the power control algorithm is devised based on a combination of Phase Shift (PS) and Pulse Density Modulation (PDM) methods. For simplicity, the tuning loop utilizes the PS control method for power regulation. Moreover, the Pulse Density Modulation (PDM) and frequency-sweep methods can be used in the proposed tuning loop. The new method is verified by a laboratory prototype with an output power of about 220 W and an operating frequency of about 60 kHz.
Electronics
Rahim Ildarabadi; Zohrah Keramat
Abstract
In this paper, the procedure for the protection of borders-based security fences improved using laser beams. Laser beams can be used to protect the border of large departments, large agencies, large universities, and large companies that have a large yard with several-kilometre erecting walls based on ...
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In this paper, the procedure for the protection of borders-based security fences improved using laser beams. Laser beams can be used to protect the border of large departments, large agencies, large universities, and large companies that have a large yard with several-kilometre erecting walls based on laser optic. But it has problems. To implement this system, it uses invention protocol transmission data. The cost of implementing this system is very low. The older methods of this system have been implemented in Hakim Sabzevery University.
Electronics
Mahdi Taheri; Hamed Zandevakili; Ali Mahani
Abstract
It is crucial to detect potential overlaps between any pair of the input reads and a reference genome in genome sequencing, but it takes an excessive amount of time, especially for ultra-long reads. Even though lots of acceleration designs are proposed for different sequencing methods, several crucial ...
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It is crucial to detect potential overlaps between any pair of the input reads and a reference genome in genome sequencing, but it takes an excessive amount of time, especially for ultra-long reads. Even though lots of acceleration designs are proposed for different sequencing methods, several crucial drawbacks impact these methods. One of these difficulties stems from the difference in read lengths that may take place as input data. In this work, we propose a new Race-logic implementation of the seed extension kernel of the BWA-MEM alignment algorithm. The first proposed method does not need reconfiguration to execute the seed extension kernel for different read lengths. We use MEMRISTORs instead of the conventional, complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), which leads to lower area overhead and power consumption. Also, we benefit from Field-Programmable Nanowire Interconnect Architecture as our matrix output resulting in a flexible output that bypasses the reconfiguration procedure of the system for reads with different lengths. Considering the power, area, and delay efficiency, we gain better results than other state-of-the-art implementations. Consequently, we gain up to 22x speedup compared to the state-of-the-art systolic arrays, 600x speed up considering different seed lengths of the previous state-of-the-art proposed methods, at least 10x improvements in area overhead, and 105x improvements in power.
Electronics
Ebrahim Farahmand; Ali Mahani
Abstract
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of sensor nodes that allow users to accurately monitor a remote environment by aggregating the data from the individual nodes. These networks require robust and energy-efficient protocols that are improved reliability and lifetime of WSNs. Clustering ...
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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of sensor nodes that allow users to accurately monitor a remote environment by aggregating the data from the individual nodes. These networks require robust and energy-efficient protocols that are improved reliability and lifetime of WSNs. Clustering of sensor nodes is an emerging paradigm for the energy-efficient approach to improve lifetime and the reliability of WSN by reducing energy consumption. In this paper, a new Energy-efficient weighted multi-level Clustering Protocol (EWCP) is proposed. Cluster heads (CHs) are selected based on the allotted weight to each sensor nodes. The weight includes the parameters of sensors such as density, residual energy, and distance to prolong the network's lifetime and increase its efficiency. Also, the cluster members are selected based on their distance to the selected CHs. The lifetime of EWCP is improved significantly to compare with the other protocols. This improvement is attributed to the fact that EWCP is energy-efficient in clustering protocol.
Power
Saman Ghahghahzadeh; Mohammad Reza Afsharnia
Abstract
This work proposes a new model for dynamic behavior of hydro-electric turbines on the basis of inlet mechanical power with different loads together with reactions of wicket gates and governor during load rejection. Then, practical experiments are investigated, and their results are compared with simulated ...
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This work proposes a new model for dynamic behavior of hydro-electric turbines on the basis of inlet mechanical power with different loads together with reactions of wicket gates and governor during load rejection. Then, practical experiments are investigated, and their results are compared with simulated results developed in SIMULINK. The results show that proposed modeling satisfies practical behavior of real systems.
Electronics
Mahdi Taheri; Saeideh Sheikhpour; Mohammad Saeed Ansari; Ali Mahani
Abstract
This paper introduces a high-Speed fault-resistant hardware implementation for the S-box of AES cryptographic algorithm, called HFS-box. A deep pipelining for S-box at the gate level is proposed. In addition, in HFS-box a new Dual Modular Redundancy based (DMR-based) countermeasure is exploited for fault ...
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This paper introduces a high-Speed fault-resistant hardware implementation for the S-box of AES cryptographic algorithm, called HFS-box. A deep pipelining for S-box at the gate level is proposed. In addition, in HFS-box a new Dual Modular Redundancy based (DMR-based) countermeasure is exploited for fault correction purpose. The newly introduced countermeasure is a fault correction scheme based on DMR technique (FC-DMR) combined with a version of the time redundancy technique. In the proposed architecture, when a transient random or malicious fault(s) is detected in each pipeline stage, the error signal corresponding to that stage becomes high. The control unit holds the previous correct value in the output of our proposed DMR voter in the other pipeline stages as soon as it observes the value ‘1’ on the error signal. The previous correct outputs will be kept until the fault effect disappears. The presented low-cost HFS-box provide a high capability of fault resistance against transient faults with any duration by imposing low area overhead compared with similar fault correction strategies, i.e. 137%, and low throughput degradation, i.e. 11.3%, on the original S-box implementation.
Power
Shabnam Rezaei; Ahmad Ghasemi
Abstract
This paper proposes a novel day-ahead energy hub scheduling framework aimed at improving resiliency. Accordingly, an energy hub including combined heat and power (CHP), boiler, electric-heat pump (EHP), absorption and electric chillers, energy storages and renewable sources is considered. This energy ...
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This paper proposes a novel day-ahead energy hub scheduling framework aimed at improving resiliency. Accordingly, an energy hub including combined heat and power (CHP), boiler, electric-heat pump (EHP), absorption and electric chillers, energy storages and renewable sources is considered. This energy hub is equipped with smart grid (SG) infrastructures, making it possible to implement demand response (DR) programs and optimally operate energy storages. The hub is connected to the electricity and natural gas networks. Outage of input energy carriers causes failure of devices in the energy hub, loss of electrical loads, failure in cooling and heating and thus reduced resiliency. Maintaining the security of the hub consumers’ power supply system in the event of such severe disturbances is essential. Therefore, a new strategy based on the use of backup electric energy storages (EES) and DR program is proposed in this paper to improve resiliency. In addition, a numerical index is used to accurately calculate and evaluate resiliency. Numerical studies show that the proposed strategy improves resiliency during the outage of power and gas networks by 12.02% and 14.23% respectively when backup energy storages and DR program are implemented simultaneously.