Journal of Applied Research in Electrical Engineering

Home

Browse

Journal Info

Editorial Board

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

Peer Review Process

Submit Manuscript

Guide for Authors

Guide for Reviewers

Publons Membership Guide

Contact Us

Document Type : Research article

Authors

Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, 9617976487, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22055/jaree.2022.39570.1044

Abstract

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors have been widely considered for their sensitivity, accuracy, and appropriate response speed. This article simulates and analyzes the effects of phosphorene nanotubes (PNTs) layer with various diameters and rolling directions on the structure of SPR biosensor in the Lumerical software environment. The main structure is based on the structure of Kretschmann and the use of the BK₇ prism, a gold (Au) layer, and the end layer of phosphorene nanotubes. The proposed SPR biosensor reflectance curves are obtained, analyzed, and compared for various modes of refractive index n = 1.33 and 1.339, resembling a neutral watery medium and a bacterial medium, respectively. The results show that the minimum reflection is achieved for 30 nm Au at an SPR resonance angle of θ = 71.59° while by adding phosphorene nanotubes, it is observed that at a diameter of 10.08 A and an armchair rolling direction, the configuration on the Au layer becomes favorable. The minimum reflectance of 0.199 is observed for the armchair phosphorene nanotubes (10.08A) layer over 30 nm Au. The combination also provides a sensitivity of 152°/RIU for Δn = 0.009 with a high detection accuracy of 0.079. The results demonstrate that the layer of phosphorene nanotubes has a positive effect on SPR biosensors, and it can be used as a controlling factor in SPR biosensors.

Highlights

The main structure of the proposed SPR-Biosensor is based on the structure of Kretschmann and the use of the BK7 prism, the gold (Au) layer, and the end layer of phosphorene nanotubes (PNTs).
The simulation is performed in the FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain) module of Lumerical software.
The effect of various PNTs/Au combinations and the diameter of their flakes on the spectral response of an SPR biosensor was studied and introduced.
The results also show that increasing the diameter of the layers in the outlet has a direct effect on the sensor's efficiency and enhances the sensor's performance.
The results show that the PNTs (10.08A) over 30nm Au have the highest sensitivity of 152°/RIU.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] Li. Wu, H. S. Chu, W. S. Koh, and E. P. Li., "Highly sensitive graphene biosensors based on surface plasmon resonance," Optics Express, vol. 18, no. 14, pp. 14395-14400, 2010.

[2] J. Homola, Surface plasmon resonance based sensors. Springer Science & Business Media, vol. 4, 2006.

[3] K.V. Sreekanth, S. Zeng, K. Yong, and T. Yu, "Sensitivity enhanced biosensor using graphene-based one-dimensional photonic crystal," Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol.182. pp. 424-428, 2013.

[4] P. K. Maharana, and R. Jha, "Chalcogenide prism and graphene multilayer based surface plasmon resonance affinity biosensor for high performance," Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol. 169, pp. 161-166, 2012.

[5] A, Komlev, R. Dyukin, and E. Shutova, "The method of controlling the thickness of the deposited film on the basis of the surface plasmon resonance effect," Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2017, IOP Publishing.

[6] T. H. Wang, Y. Zhu, and Q. Jiang, "Bandgap opening of bilayer graphene by dual doping from organic molecule and substrate," Journal of Physical Chemistry C, vol. 117, no. 24, pp. 12873-12881, 2013.

[7] K. S. Yong, D. M. Otalvaro, I. Duchemin, M. Saeys, and C. Joachim, "Calculation of the conductance of a finite atomic line of sulfur vacancies created on a molybdenum disulfide surface," Physical Review B, vol. 77, no. 20, 205429, 2008.

[8] M. S. Fuhrer, and J. Hone, "Measurement of mobility in dual-gated MoS 2 transistors," Nature nanotechnology, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 146-147, 2013.

[9] S. I. Allec, and B. M. Wong, "Inconsistencies in the electronic properties of phosphorene nanotubes: new insights from large-scale DFT calculations," Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, vol. 7, no. 21, pp. 4340-4345, 2013.

[10] V. Sorkin, Y. Cai, Z. Ong, G. Zhang, and Y. W. Zhang, "Recent advances in the study of phosphorene and its nanostructures," Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 1-82, 2017.

[11] L. Lia, Y. Yu, and G. Ye, "Black phosphorus field-effect transistors," Nature NanoTechnology, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 372-377. 2014.

[12] W. Zhang, J. Yin, P. Zhang, and Y. Ding, "Strain/stress engineering on the mechanical and electronic properties of phosphorene nanosheets and nanotubes," The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 advances, vol. 7, no. 81, pp. 51466-51474. 2017.

[13] W. H. Chen, C. Yu, I. C. Chen, and H. C. Cheng, "Mechanical property assessment of black phosphorene nanotube using molecular dynamics simulation," Computational Materials Science, vol. 133, pp. 35-44, 2017.

[14] Y. Deng et al., "Black phosphorus–monolayer MoS2 van der Waals heterojunction p–n diode," 2014 American Chemical Society Nano, vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 8292-8299. 2014.

[15] C. Gomez et al. , "Isolation and characterization of few-layer black phosphorus," 2D Materials, vol. 1, no. 2, 025001, 2014.

[16] H. Liu, Y. Du, and Y. Deng, "Semiconducting black phosphorus: synthesis, transport properties and electronic applications," Chemical Society Reviews, vol. 44, no. 9, pp. 2732-2743, 2015.

[17] P. Yasaei et al., "High-quality black phosphorus atomic layers by liquid-phase exfoliation,"Advanced Materials, vol. 27, no. 11, pp. 1887-1892, 2015.

[18] S. Yu, H. Zhu, K. Eshun, A. Arab, A. Badwan, and Q. Li, "A computational study of the electronic properties of one-dimensional armchair phosphorene nanotubes," Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 118, no. 16, article 164306, 2015.

[19] T. Hu, A. Hashmi, and J. Hong, "Geometry, electronic structures and optical properties of phosphorus nanotubes, " Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 26, no. 41, 2015.

[20] R. Ansari, A. Shahnazari, and S. Rouhi, "Density-functional-theory-based finite element model to study the mechanical properties of zigzag phosphorene nanotubes," Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures, vol. 88, pp. 272-278, 2017.

[21] Z. Xie , Z. Chen, N. Cheng , J. Wang ,and G. Zhu , "Tunable bandgap and optical properties of black phosphorene nanotubes," Materials, vol. 11, no. 2, article 304, 2018.

[22] H. Vahed, and C. Nadri, "Sensitivity enhancement of SPR optical biosensor based on Graphene–MoS2 structure with nanocomposite layer," Optical Materials, vol. 88, pp. 161-166, 2019.

[23] H. Raether, Surface plasmons on smooth and rough surfaces and on gratings. Springer, vol. 118, pp. 4-39, 1988.

[24] K. Choi, H. Kim, and Y. Lim, "Analytic design and visualization of multiple surface plasmon resonance excitation using angular spectrum decomposition for a Gaussian input beam," Optics Express, vol. 13, no. 22, pp. 8866-8874, 2005.

[25] X. Dai, Y. Liang, Y. Zhao, S. Gan, Y. Jia, and Y. Xiang, "Sensitivity enhancement of a surface plasmon resonance with tin selenide (SnSe) allotropes," Sensors, vol. 19, no. 1, article 173, 2019.

[26] J. Maurya, Y. Prajapati, and R. Tripathi, "Effect of molybdenum disulfide layer on surface plasmon resonance biosensor for the detection of bacteria," Silicon, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 245-256, 2018.

Journal of Applied Research in Electrical Engineering

Volume 1, Issue 2
Summer and Autumn 2022
July 2022
Pages 169-174

Files

History

Receive Date: 25 December 2021
Revise Date: 01 February 2022
Accept Date: 04 February 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics

Article View: 382
PDF Download: 394