Document Type : Research article
Authors
1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, Iran
2 Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Espoo 11000, Finland
Abstract
Microgrids, which have newly been included in power systems, have facilitated the management of distributed generations. In this context, the privatization of power systems, as well as flexible sources like electrical vehicles and storage systems, has been enhanced significantly by the advent of microgrids. In a microgrid structure, the microgrid’s operator coordinates the agents and ensures the reliability of the network, while the agents manage their local resources independently. Nonetheless, new management methods should be implemented into the multi-agent-structured microgrids to meet their distributed nature. This paper proposes a new peer-to-peer energy market to optimize the operation of a multi-agent microgrid run in the isolated mode. The designed framework facilitates power trading between the system agents and addresses the privacy issues of the network consumers or producers. The proposed scheme is finally simulated on a 15-bus multi-agent-structured microgrid to study its effect on microgrid management in the isolated mode.
Highlights
- Designing a new peer-to-peer (P2P) market scheme for energy management in an isolated microgrid with a multi-agent structure
- Including the model predictive control method into the P2P market in order to improve the precision of decisions made by agents
- Considering a vast variety of distributed generations as the agents’ local resources as well as the energy storage system and electrical vehicle
Keywords
Main Subjects
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[1] H. Wang, and J. Huang, “Incentivizing energy trading for interconnected microgrids,” IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 2647–2657, 2016.
[2] M. W. Khan, and J. Wang, “The research on multi-agent system for microgrid control and optimization,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 80, pp. 1399–1411, 2017.
[3] F. Khavari, A. Badri, A. Zangeneh, and M. Shafiekhani, “A comparison of centralized and decentralized energy-management models of multi-microgrid systems,” in 2017 Smart Grid Conference, Dec. 2017, pp. 1–6.
[4] S. Fattaheian-Dehkordi, M. Tavakkoli, A. Abbaspour, M. Fotuhi-Firuzabad, and M. Lehtonen, “An incentive-based mechanism to alleviate active power congestion in a multi-agent distribution system,” IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 2020, to be published.
[5] A. Anvari-Moghaddam, A. Rahimi-Kian, M. S. Mirian, and J. M. Guerrero, “A multi-agent based energy management solution for integrated buildings and microgrid system,” Appl. Energy, vol. 203, pp. 41–56, 2017.
[6] S. Cui, Y. Wang, and J. Xiao, “Peer-to-Peer energy sharing among smart energy buildings by distributed transaction,” IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 6491–6501, 2019.
[7] Paudel, K. Chaudhari, C. Long, and H. B. Gooi, “Peer-to-Peer energy trading in a prosumer-based community microgrid: A game-theoretic model,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 66, no. 8, pp. 6087–6097, 2019.
[8] J. Lee, J. Guo, J. K. Choi, and M. Zukerman, “Distributed energy trading in microgrids:a game-theoretic model and its equilibrium analysis,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 3524–3533, 2015.
[9] M. Khorasany, Y. Mishra, and G. Ledwich, “Peer-to-peer market clearing framework for DERs using knapsack approximation algorithm,” in 2017 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe, pp. 1–6.
[10]Y. Liu, L. Wu, and J. Li, “Peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity trading in distribution systems of the future,” The Electricity Journal, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 2–6, 2019.
[11]Z. Wang, X. Yu, Y. Mu, and H. Jia, “A distributed Peer-to-Peer energy transaction method for diversified prosumers in urban community microgrid system,” Appl. Energy, vol. 260, 114327, 2020.
[12]A. Paudel and G. H. Beng, “A hierarchical Peer-to-Peer energy trading in community microgrid distribution systems,” in 2018 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting, Aug. 2018, pp. 1–5.
[13]N. Wang, W. Xu, Z. Xu, and W. Shao, “Peer-to-peer energy trading among microgrids with multidimensional willingness,” Energies, vol. 11, no. 12, 3312, 2018.
[14]J. Hu, Q. Sun, and F. Teng, “A game-theoretic pricing model for energy internet in day-ahead trading market considering distributed generations uncertainty,” in 2016 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence, 2016, pp. 1–7.
[15]Y. Wang, W. Saad, Z. Han, H. V. Poor, and T. Başar, “A game-theoretic approach to energy trading in the smart grid,” IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 1439–1450, 2014.
[16]S. Fattaheian-Dehkordi, M. Tavakkoli, A. Abbaspour, M. Fotuhi-Firuzabad, and M. Lehtonen, “Distribution Grid Flexibility-ramp Minimization using Local Resources” in 2019 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe, Oct. 2019, pp. 1–5.
[17]S. Fattaheian-Dehkordi, M. Tavakkoli, A. Abbaspour, M. Fotuhi-Firuzabad, and M. Lehtonen, “incentive-based ramp-up minimization in multi-microgrid distribution systems,” in 2020 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe, 2020,pp. 839–843.
[18]F. Kamrani, S. Fattaheian-Dehkordi, A. Abbaspour, M. Fotuhi-Firuzabad, and M. Lehtonen, “Investigating the impacts of microgrids and gas grid interconnection on power grid flexibility,” in 2019 Smart Grid Conference, Dec. 2019, pp. 1–6.
[19]N. Nikmehr, and S. Najafi Ravadanegh, “Optimal power dispatch of multi-microgrids at future smart distribution grids,” IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 1648–1657, 2015.
[20]F. Mohamed, and H. Koivo, “System modelling and online optimal management of microgrid with battery storage,” in 6th Int. Conf. Renew. Energ. Power Qual., vol. 1, Mar. 2007.
[21]J. J. Grainger, W. D. Stevenson, and W. D. Stevenson, Power system analysis. Mc Graw Hill Education, 2003.
[22]P. Samadi, A. Mohsenian-Rad, R. Schober, V. W. S. Wong, and J. Jatskevich, “Optimal real-time pricing algorithm based on utility maximization for smart grid,” in 2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications, Oct. 2010, pp. 415–420.
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